JC/T 638-2013 Low porosity clay bricks for glass kilns
2023-11-30
Low porosity clay bricks for glass kilns
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, shape and size, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation, storage and quality certificates of low porosity clay bricks for glass kilns. This standard applies to low porosity clay bricks for glass kilns.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. , Only the dated version applies to this document.
For undated references, the latest version ( including all amendments ) applies to this document.
GB/T 2992.1 Shape and size of refractory bricks Part 1 Part : General bricks.
GB/T 2997 Dense shaped refractory products Test methods for bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity.
GBT 5072 Refractory materials Test method for compressive strength at room temperature.
GB/T 5073 Refractory materials Creep test method.
GB/T 5988 Refractory materials Test method for permanent linear change on heating.
GB/T 6900 Chemical analysis methods for aluminosilicate refractory materials.
GB/T 7321 Preparation methods for shaped refractory product samples.
GB/T 10326 Inspection methods for dimensions, appearance and section of shaped refractory products.
GB/T 16546 Packaging, marking, transportation and storage of shaped refractory products.
GB/T 18930 Terminology of refractory materials 。
GB/T 20511 Classification rules for refractory products.
GB/T 21114 Refractory materials X X-ray fluorescence spectrometry Molten glass sheet method.
YB/T 370 Test method for load softening temperature of refractory products ( Non-differential - Heating method )。
YB/T 376.1 Test method for thermal shock resistance of refractory products ( Water quenching method )。
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 18930 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Low porosity refractory bricks
A low porosity clay product made mainly from clay clinker, with the addition of sillimanite, andalusite and other aluminosilicate materials, and fired after pressing.
4 Classification and dimensions
4.1 Products are divided into three grades, DN-11, DN-14 and DN-17, according to their apparent porosity. In the grade, D and N are the first letters of the pinyin of "low" and "clay", respectively, and the numbers represent the apparent porosity of low porosity refractory bricks.
4.2 The shape and size of the products shall conform to the provisions of GB/T 2992.1 and GB/T 20511, and can also be produced according to the drawings provided by the purchaser.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 The physicochemical properties of the products shall conform to the provisions of Table 1.
Table 1 Physicochemical properties of products | |||||||
Item | Index | ||||||
DN-11 | DN-14 | DN-17 | |||||
Chemical composition | w( Al 2 O 3)/% | μ 0 | ≥47 | ≥45 | ≥42 | ||
σ | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
w( Fe 2 O 3)/% | μ 0 | ≤1.2 | ≤1.5 | ≤1.8 | |||
σ | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||||
Physical properties | Bulk density/(g/cm 3) | μ 0 | ≥2.40 | ≥2.34 | ≥2.26 | ||
σ | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | ||||
Apparent porosity/% | μ 0 | ≤11 | ≤14 | ≤17 | |||
σ | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Compressive strength/MPa | μ 0 | ≥80 | ≥65 | ≥50 | |||
σ | 10 | 10 | 10 | ||||
X min | 70 | 55 | 40 | ||||
Load softening temperature T/℃ | μ 0 | ≥1520 | ≥1 470 | ≥1 430 | |||
σ | 10 | 10 | 10 | ||||
Permanent linear change after heating/% | 1 400℃x2h | L~U | - | +0.1~-0.2 | |||
σ | 0.02 | ||||||
1500℃x2h | L~U | +0.1~-0.2 | - | ||||
σ | 0.02 | ||||||
Creep rate/% | 1200℃x50h，0.2MPa | - | To be agreed upon by both the supplier and the purchaser | - | |||
Thermal shock resistance/times | 1100℃，water cooling | - | To be agreed upon by both the supplier and the purchaser | ||||
The dimensional tolerances and appearance quality of 5.2 products shall conform to the provisions of Table 2
Table 2 Dimensional tolerances and appearance quality Unit: mm | ||
Item | Range | Index |
Dimensional tolerance | ≤100 | ±1.0 |
101~300 | ±2.0 | |
>300 | ±1% | |
Twist | ≤0.5% | |
Missing corner | ≤20 allowed, 20 | |
Missing edge | ≤30 allowed, 30 | |
Melt hole diameter | ≤6 | |
Crack length | Width ≤0.25 | Allowed |
Width 0.26~0.50 | ≤20, no more than two places | |
Width >0.50 | Not allowed | |
Section delamination | Not allowed | |
Note 1: The appearance quality and dimensional deviations of special-shaped products shall be agreed upon by both the supplier and the purchaser. Note 2: Simple bricks are packaged in grades according to height difference, which is agreed upon by both the supplier and the purchaser. | ||
6 Test methods
6.1 Sample preparation
According to GB/T 7321.
6.2 Al 2 O 3、 Fe 2 O 3 ;Inspection
According to GB/T 6900 or GB/T 21114, GB/T 6900 is the arbitration method.
6.3 Inspection of bulk density and apparent porosity
According to GB/T 2997.
6.4 Inspection of compressive strength
According to GB/T 5072.
6.5 Inspection of load softening temperature
According to YB/T370.
6.6 Inspection of permanent linear change after heating
According to GB/T 5988.
6.7 Inspection of creep rate
According to GB/T 5073.
6.8 Inspection of thermal shock resistance
According to YB/T 376.1.
6.9 Inspection of dimensional deviation and appearance quality
According to GB/T10326.
7 Classification of inspection
Inspection is classified into outgoing inspection and type inspection.
7.1.1 Outgoing inspection
Outgoing inspection shall be carried out when the product leaves the factory. The inspection items for outgoing inspection are: appearance quality, dimensional deviation, Al 2 O 3 content, apparent porosity and compressive strength at room temperature.
7.1.2 Type inspection
Type inspection items include all items specified in Chapter 5 Technical Requirements. Type inspection shall be carried out under the following circumstances:
a) When there is a significant change in the production process or raw materials;
b) At least twice a year during normal production;
c) When production is resumed after being suspended for more than six months;
d) When the outgoing inspection results differ significantly from the previous type inspection results.
7.2 Batching
Products are batched according to the same production conditions and the same grade, and each batch does not exceed 300t.
7.3 Sampling
7.3.1 Sampling inspection of appearance quality and dimensional deviation
The sampling inspection plan for appearance quality and dimensional deviation given in this standard is formulated according to the acceptable quality limit AOL, see Table 3. Unless otherwise specified, the appearance inspection shall be carried out according to the AQL=4.0 and the size inspection shall be carried out according to the AOL=6.5 sampling plan. If there are stricter requirements for appearance quality and dimensional deviation, the appearance quality can be selected as AOL=1.5 and the dimensional deviation can be selected as AOL=4.0 sampling plan, but it needs to be specified in the bilateral agreement.
Samples for appearance quality and dimensional deviation inspection should generally be randomly selected at one time from the finished product stacks delivered by the manufacturer. For ease of sampling, the products delivered by the manufacturer should be neatly stacked in order of brick type and production time, leaving a passage for sampling operations. Before sampling, the number of units (N) in the sub-batch of brick types delivered should be counted first, and then samples should be drawn according to the sample size (n) specified in Table 3. When the sampling numbers for appearance and dimensions are consistent, the total number of samples = appearance sampling number + dimension sampling number. The appearance and dimensions of the sampled products are inspected separately, and the quality is judged according to the corresponding acceptance number Ac. When the sampling numbers for appearance and dimensions are different, the total number of samples should be the larger number, and the appearance and dimensions of the sampled products are all inspected, and then the quality is judged according to the corresponding acceptance number Ac.
Table 3 Sampling Plan for Appearance and Dimensional Inspection | |||
Acceptance Quality Limit AQL% | Batch Size N | Sample Size n | Acceptance Number Ac |
1.5 | ≤31 | N | Reject Non-Conforming Products |
32~1200 | 32 | 1 | |
1201~3200 | 50 | 2 | |
3201~10000 | 80 | 3 | |
>10000 | 125 | 5 | |
4 | ≤12 | N | Reject Non-Conforming Products |
13~280 | 13 | 1 | |
281~500 | 20 | 2 | |
501~1200 | 32 | 3 | |
1201~3200 | 50 | 5 | |
3201~10000 | 80 | 7 | |
>10000 | 125 | 10 | |
6.5 | ≤7 | N | Reject Non-Conforming Products |
8~150 | 8 | 1 | |
151~280 | 13 | 2 | |
281~500 | 20 | 3 | |
501~1200 | 32 | 5 | |
1201~3200 | 50 | 7 | |
3201~10000 | 80 | 10 | |
>10000 | 125 | 14 | |
7.3.2 Sampling for Physico-chemical Property Inspection
For physico-chemical quality characteristic inspection, 12 samples should be randomly selected from the finished product stacks. Six samples are subjected to single-item testing according to Table 1, and the remaining six samples are subjected to additional testing for non-conforming items if non-conforming items appear in the single-item testing. The samples must not have appearance defects that affect the physico-chemical quality characteristics.
7.4 Judgment Rules
7.4.1 Judgment of Appearance Quality and Dimensional Deviation
After the samples are drawn, the appearance quality and dimensional deviation quality of each sample should be judged as "qualified" or "unqualified" according to the requirements of the product quality standard. After all samples are tested, the number (y) of unqualified samples for appearance and dimensions is counted separately, and y is compared with the acceptance number Ac specified in Table 3. If y ≤ Ac, the sub-batch of products is judged as qualified; if y > Ac, the sub-batch of products is judged as unqualified. For sub-batches that fail the appearance or dimensional inspection, if the unqualified products in the batch can be removed through inspection, the manufacturer is allowed to re-deliver after inspection and re-inspection. If the quality of the unqualified sub-batch cannot be improved through inspection, the batch of products is rejected.
7.4.2 Judgment of Physico-chemical Properties
The acceptance sampling inspection items for the physico-chemical quality characteristics of shaped refractory products include Al 2 O 3 content, Fe 2 O 3 content, bulk density, apparent porosity, compressive strength, load softening temperature, and permanent linear change after heating. Among them, Al 2 O 3 ; content, Fe 2 O 3 ; content, and load softening temperature can be judged according to Table 4 and Table 5 (the sample sizes in the two tables are different, either can be selected). Bulk density, apparent porosity, and compressive strength are judged according to Table 5. The single value of compressive strength is not allowed to be lower than X, where X is the batch deviation in Table 1, and S is the standard deviation of 9 samples after additional testing when a non-conforming item is detected. The judgment is qualified if the above indicators meet the requirements of Table 4 or Table 5.
Table 4 Qualified/Unqualified Judgment of Single Quality Characteristic with Batch Average as Quality Indicator (n=3) | ||||
Quality Requirements | First Test 1 Sample | Two Cumulative Tests 3 Samples | ||
Test Results | Judgment | Test Results | Judgment | |
Low Value Not Applicable | X i ≥μ 0 | Qualified | - | - |
X i <μ 0 | Continue Inspection | Average value of x ≥μ 0 | Qualified | |
Average value of x <μ 0 | Unqualified | |||
High Value Not Applicable | X i ≤μ 0 | Qualified | - | - |
X i >μ 0 | Continue Inspection | Average value of x ≤μ 0 | Qualified | |
Average value of x >μ 0 | Unqualified | |||
Table 5 Qualified/Unqualified Judgment of Single Quality Characteristic with Batch Average as Quality Indicator (n=9) | ||||
Quality Requirements | First Test 3 Samples | Two Cumulative Tests 9 Samples | ||
Test Results | Judgment | Test Results | Judgment | |
Low Value Not Applicable | Average value of x ≥μ 0 | Qualified | - | - |
Average value of x <μ 0 -1.5σ | Unqualified | - | - | |
μ 0 -1.5σ ≤ average value of x < μ 0 | Continue Inspection | Average value of x ≥μ 0-0.62S | Qualified | |
Average value of x <μ 0-0.62S | Unqualified | |||
High Value Not Applicable | Average value of x ≤μ 0 | Qualified | - | - |
Average value of x >μ 0 +1.5σ | Unqualified | - | - | |
μ 0 < average value of x ≤ μ 0 +1.5σ | Continue Inspection | Average value of x ≥μ 0 +0.62S | Qualified | |
Average value of x >μ 0 +0.62S | Unqualified | |||
The judgment of permanent linear change after heating is performed according to Table 6, where X is the batch deviation in Table 1, and S is the standard deviation of the samples after additional testing when a non-conforming item is detected. The judgment is qualified if the permanent linear change after heating meets the requirements of Table 6.
Table 6 Qualified/Unqualified Judgment of Single Quality Characteristic with Combined Two-sided Specification Limits as Quality Indicator (n=9) | |||||
First Test 3 Samples | Two Cumulative Tests 9 Samples | ||||
Test Results | Judgment | Test Results | Judgment | ||
X max -X min > U-L | Unqualified | - | - | ||
X max -X min ≤U-L | L+1.5σ ≤ x ≤ U-1.5σ | Qualified | - | - | |
>L or | Unqualified | - | - | ||
L≤x | Continue Inspection | S≥(U-L)/2.2 | Unqualified | ||
S<(U-L)/2.2 | L+1.1S≤x≤U-1.1S | Qualified | |||
x | Unqualified | ||||
7.4.3 Comprehensive Judgment
If all the physical and chemical properties and appearance and dimensional quality characteristics of all inspection batches to be accepted are qualified, then the batch of products is qualified.
8 Marking, Packaging, Transportation, Storage and Quality Certificate
8.1 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage
According to GB/T 16546.
8.2 Quality Certificate
Bricks should be accompanied by a quality certificate when leaving the factory. The quality certificate should include: supplier's name or factory mark, customer's name, production date, contract number, product name, standard number, grade, brick number, batch number and corresponding physical and chemical test results.
Low porosity clay bricks for glass kilns
1 Range
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, shape and size, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation, storage and quality certificates of low porosity clay bricks for glass kilns. This standard is applicable to clay bricks with low porosity for glass kilns.
2 Normative reference documents
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, the date-only version applies to this document.
For undated references, the latest version (including all amendment orders) applies to this document.
GB/T 2992.1 Shape and dimensions of refractory bricks – Part 1: general purpose bricks.
Test method for bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity of GB/T 2997 compact shaped refractory products.
Test method for compressive strength of GBT 5072 refractories at normal temperature.
GB/T 5073 refractories compressive creep test method.
GB/T 5988 refractory heating permanent line change test method.
GB/T 6900 aluminum-silicon refractory chemical analysis method.
GB/T 7321 shaped refractory product sample preparation method.
GB/T 10326 shaped refractory products size, appearance and section inspection method.
GB/T 16546 shaped refractory products packaging, marking, transportation and storage.
GB/T 18930 refractory terminology.
GB/T 20511 classification rules for refractory products.
GB/T 21114 refractories by X-ray fluorescence spectrochemical analysis of fused cast glass sheets.
Test method for load softening temperature of YB/T 370 refractory products (non-differential – rising temperature method).
YB/T 376.1 Test method for thermal shock resistance of refractory pour products (water quench cooling method).
3 Terms and definitions
GB/T 18930 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Low porosity refractory bricks
Clay clinker as the main raw material, adding sillimanite, andalusite and other aluminum-silicon materials, pressed, fired clay products with low porosity.
4 Classification and shape size
4.1 Products are divided into three grades DN-11, DN-14 and DN-17 according to apparent porosity. In the grade, D and N are the initial letters of low and sticky Chinese pinyin respectively, and the numbers are the apparent porosity of low porosity refractory bricks respectively.
4.2 The shape and size of the product shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 2992.1 and GB/T 20511, and can also be produced according to the drawings provided by the demander.
5 Technical Requirements
5.1 The physical and chemical properties of the product shall comply with the provisions of Table 1.
Table 1 Physical and chemical properties of the product | |||||||
Item | Index | ||||||
DN-11 | DN-14 | DN-17 | |||||
Chemical composition | w( Al 2 O 3)/% | μ 0 | ≥47 | ≥45 | ≥42 | ||
σ | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
w( Fe 2 O 3)/% | μ 0 | ≤1.2 | ≤1.5 | ≤1.8 | |||
σ | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||||
Physical property | Bulk density/(g/cm 3) | μ 0 | ≥2.40 | ≥2.34 | ≥2.26 | ||
σ | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | ||||
Apparent porosity/% | μ 0 | ≤11 | ≤14 | ≤17 | |||
σ | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Compressive strength/MPa | μ 0 | ≥80 | ≥65 | ≥50 | |||
σ | 10 | 10 | 10 | ||||
X min | 70 | 55 | 40 | ||||
Softening temperature under loadT/℃ | μ 0 | ≥1520 | ≥1 470 | ≥1 430 | |||
σ | 10 | 10 | 10 | ||||
Heating permanent line change/% | 1 400℃x2h | L~U | - | +0.1~-0.2 | |||
σ | 0.02 | ||||||
1500℃x2h | L~U | +0.1~-0.2 | - | ||||
σ | 0.02 | ||||||
Creep rate/% | 1200℃x50h，0.2MPa | - | To be agreed upon by supply and demand | - | |||
Thermal shock resistance/time | 1100℃，water-cooling | - | To be agreed upon by supply and demand | ||||
5.2 The permissible size deviation and appearance quality of the product shall comply with the provisions of Table 2
Table 2 Dimensions permissible deviation and apparent mass in millimeters | ||
Item | Radius | Index |
Allowable deviation of dimension | ≤100 | ±1.0 |
101~300 | ±2.0 | |
>300 | ±1% | |
Distortion | ≤0.5% | |
Missing corner | ≤20 is allowed. 20 | |
Wane | ≤30 is allowed, 30 | |
Hole diameter | ≤6 | |
Crack length | Dimension≤0.25 | Allowed |
Dimension 0.26~0.50 | ≤20, not more than two decimal places | |
Dimension >0.50 | Not allowed | |
Fracture lamination | Not allowed | |
Note 1: The appearance quality and size deviation of special shape products shall be agreed by the supply and demand parties. Note 2: The simple brick is packaged according to the height difference agreed by the supply and demand parties. | ||
6 Test methods
6.1 Sample Preparation
According to GB/T 7321.
6.2 Al2O3, Fe2O3 inspection
In accordance with the provisions of GB/T 6900 or GB/T 21114, where GB/T 6900 is the arbitration law.
6.3 Test of bulk density and apparent porosity
According to GB/T 2997.
6.4 Test the compressive strength
Can be carried out in accordance with GB/T 5072.
6.5 Test of softening temperature under load
According to YB/T370.
6.6 Test the change of heating permanent line
According to GB/T 5988.
6.7 Testing of planetary variability
According to GB/T 5073.
6.8 Test thermal shock resistance
According to YB/T 376.1.
6.9 Check the size deviation and appearance quality
According to GB/T10326.
7 Test Classification
Inspection is divided into inspection and type inspection according to the type.
7.1.1 Factory inspection
The product shall be inspected before leaving the factory. The inspection items of factory inspection are: appearance quality, size deviation, Al2O3 content, apparent porosity and pressure strength at room temperature.
7.1.2 Type inspection
Type inspection items include all items specified in Chapter 5 Technical requirements. Type inspection is performed in the following cases:
- a) When there is a major change in the production process or raw materials;
- b) During normal production, at least twice a year;
- c) Stop production for more than half a year and resume production;
- d) When there is a big difference between the test result and the last type test result.
7.2 Batch Group
Products according to the same production conditions of the same brand batch, each batch does not exceed 300t.
7.3 Sampling
7.3.1 Appearance quality and dimensional deviation inspection sampling
The sampling inspection scheme of appearance quality and dimension deviation given in this standard is formulated according to the acceptable quality limit AOL, see Table 3. If there is no special stipulation, the appearance inspection shall be conducted according to AQL=4.0, and the size inspection shall be conducted according to AOL=6.5 sampling scheme. If there are strict requirements for appearance quality and size deviation, AOL=L.5 can be selected for appearance quality, and AOL=4.0 sampling scheme can be selected for size deviation, which shall be indicated in the agreement between the two parties.
Samples for inspection of appearance quality and dimensional deviation should normally be randomly selected at one time in the finished product stacks delivered by the manufacturer. In order to facilitate sampling, the products delivered by the manufacturer shall be placed neatly in brick shape and production time order, and the sampling operation channel shall be left. Before sampling, the number of units of product (N) in the brick sublot delivered shall be counted and samples shall be taken according to the sample size (n) specified in Table 3. When the sampling numbers specified in appearance and size are consistent, the total number of samples – appearance sampling number and size sampling number, the appearance and size of the samples are inspected respectively, and the quality is determined according to the corresponding receiving number AC. When the sampling numbers specified in appearance and size are different, the total number of samples shall be connected, and the large number shall be sampled once, and the appearance and size of all samples shall be inspected. Then the quality is judged according to the corresponding receiving number Ac.
Table 3 Sampling scheme for appearance and dimension inspection | |||
Receive quality limit AQL% | Batch N block | Sample size n n | Number of received Ac blocks |
1.5 | ≤31 | N | Eliminate nonconforming products |
32~1200 | 32 | 1 | |
1201~3200 | 50 | 2 | |
3201~10000 | 80 | 3 | |
>10000 | 125 | 5 | |
4 | ≤12 | N | Eliminate nonconforming products |
13~280 | 13 | 1 | |
281~500 | 20 | 2 | |
501~1200 | 32 | 3 | |
1201~3200 | 50 | 5 | |
3201~10000 | 80 | 7 | |
>10000 | 125 | 10 | |
6.5 | ≤7 | N | Eliminate nonconforming products |
8~150 | 8 | 1 | |
151~280 | 13 | 2 | |
281~500 | 20 | 3 | |
501~1200 | 32 | 5 | |
1201~3200 | 50 | 7 | |
3201~10000 | 80 | 10 | |
>10000 | 125 | 14 | |
7.3.2 Sampling for physical and chemical properties inspection
For physical and chemical quality characteristic inspection, 12 samples should be randomly selected from the finished stack, of which 6 samples should be carried out a single test according to Table 1, and the remaining 6 samples should be tested with additional items when unqualified items are found in a single test. The samples should not have appearance defects affecting physical and chemical quality characteristics.
7.4 Decision Rules
7.4.1 Determination of appearance quality and size deviation
After sample extraction, the appearance quality and dimensional deviation quality of each sample should be determined as “qualified” or “unqualified” according to the requirements of product quality standards. After all samples were tested, the number of accumulated nonconforming samples (y) of appearance and size were counted respectively, and y was compared with the number of acceptances Ac specified in Table 3. If S≤Ac, the sub-batch product is qualified: if >AC, the sub-batch product is disqualified. The appearance or size inspection of the unqualified batch, if passed the inspection can be removed from the batch of unqualified products, allowing the production party to re-deliver after the inspection, again for acceptance. If the quality of the unqualified batch cannot be improved by gun selection, the batch is rejected.
7.4.2 Determination of physical and chemical properties
Acceptance sampling inspection items for the physical and chemical quality characteristics of shaped refractory products include Al2O3 content, Fe2O3 content, bulk density, apparent porosity, compressive strength, load softening temperature, and heating permanent linear change. Al2O3 content, Fe2O3 content, and load softening temperature can be determined according to Table 4 and Table 5 (sample sizes differ; choose one). Bulk density, apparent porosity, and compressive strength can be determined according to Table 5. Compressive strength must not be less than X, where X = μ + kS, μ is the batch deviation in Table 1, and S is the standard deviation of 9 samples after nonconforming items are detected. All indicators must meet the requirements of Table 4 or Table 5.
Table 4: Pass/Fail determination of a single quality feature using the batch average as the quality index (n=3) | ||||
Quality requirement | Test 1 sample initially | Three samples tested twice | ||
Test result | Determine | Test result | Determine | |
Low-value discomfort | X i ≥μ 0 | Qualified | - | - |
X i <μ 0 | Further inspection | ≥μ 0 | Qualified | |
<μ 0 | Below standard | |||
High-value discomfort | X i ≤μ 0 | Qualified | - | - |
X i >μ 0 | Further inspection | ≤μ 0 | Qualified | |
>μ 0 | Below standard | |||
Table 5: Pass/Fail determination of a single quality feature using the lot average as the quality index (n=9) | ||||
Quality requirement | Test 3 samples initially | A total of 9 samples tested twice | ||
Test result | Determine | Test result | Determine | |
Low-value discomfort | Mean of x ≥ μ 0 | Qualified | - | - |
Mean of x < μ 0 -1.5σ | Below standard | - | - | |
μ 0 -1.5σ ≤ Mean of x < μ 0 | Further inspection | Mean of x ≥ μ 0-0.62S | Qualified | |
Mean of x < μ 0-0.62S | Below standard | |||
High-value discomfort | Mean of x ≤ μ 0 | Qualified | - | - |
Mean of x > μ 0 +1.5σ | Below standard | - | - | |
μ 0 < Mean of x ≤ μ 0 +1.5σ | Further inspection | Mean of x ≥ μ 0 +0.62S | Qualified | |
Mean of x > μ 0 +0.62S | Below standard | |||
The change in the heating permanent line is determined according to Table 6, where μ is the batch deviation in Table 1, and S is the standard deviation of the next sample after testing when an unqualified item occurs. The change in the heating permanent line must meet the requirements in Table 6.
Table 6: Pass/Fail determination of a single quality feature using the joint bilateral specification limit as the quality index (n=9) | |||||
Test 3 samples initially | A total of 9 samples tested twice | ||||
Test result | Determine | Test result | Determine | ||
X max -X min > U-L | Below standard | - | - | ||
X max -X min ≤U-L | L+1.5σ ≤ x ≤ U-1.5σ | Qualified | - | - | |
>L or | Below standard | - | - | ||
L≤x | Further inspection | S≥(U-L)/2.2 | Below standard | ||
S<(U-L)/2.2 | L+1.1S≤x≤U-1.1S | Qualified | |||
x | Below standard | ||||
7.4.3 Comprehensive judgment
If all physical and chemical quality characteristics, appearance, and dimensions of the inspection batch are qualified, the batch is qualified.
8 Marking, packing, transportation, storage and quality certificate
8.1 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
Proceed as per GB/T 16546.
8.2 Certificate of Quality
The quality certificate must include the supplier’s name or factory standard, demander’s name, production date, contract number, product name, standard number, brand number, brick number, batch number, and corresponding physical and chemical inspection results.
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