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Application of Refractory Materials in Industrial Thermal Furnaces

2025-02-19

The ultimate purpose of any product is its application, and refractory materials are no exception. The use of refractory materials in industrial thermal furnaces is typically referred to as “service.” Generally, high-quality refractory materials exhibit superior performance and longer service life in furnaces. However, operating conditions cannot be overlooked. For instance, even the same refractory material used in the same thermal equipment may yield vastly different results if operating conditions change.

Therefore, for researchers and engineers in refractory materials, continuous study and analysis of the operating conditions of various thermal furnaces are essential. This is particularly significant when new high-temperature processes are developed in industries such as metallurgy.

Key scientific and technical challenges in the application of refractory materials include:

Establishing operational management rules (temperature, time, gas composition, mechanical stress, and effects of process intensifiers during heating).

Studying physicochemical and mineralogical changes** in refractory materials under operational conditions.

Implementing protective measures to safeguard refractory materials.

Selecting and developing new refractory materials with properties optimized for specific operating conditions.

As structural and component materials for high-temperature furnaces and thermal equipment, refractory materials are widely used in industries such as steel, non-ferrous metals, construction materials, petrochemicals, and machinery. The unit consumption of refractory products is closely tied to operational management practices. In the national economy, their technical and economic efficiency is reflected in metrics such as the “comprehensive refractory consumption index”—the kilograms of refractory material consumed per ton of steel produced. This index serves as a critical indicator of a nation’s industrial advancement and the quality of its refractory materials.

Advances in furnace management—such as shortening relining intervals, adopting optimized refractory materials, and implementing more efficient metallurgical processes—have significantly enhanced productivity. For example, replacing silica bricks with basic refractory materials in open-hearth furnace roofs (1952–1955) increased steel smelting output by 15%.